Staying Safe and Healthy on the Trail

Hypothermia?

Tim Leadem of the Sierra Club calls hypothermia the greatest single cause of death among amateur hikers. It can happen on the Milford Track. It can happen to you.

Hypothermia is profuse loss of heat from the body core. Despite all warnings, a high percentage of hikers still set off with insufficient clothing.

Signs & Symptoms of Hypothermia:

• shivering (may be absent in later stages)
• numbness
• lack of co-ordination, slurred speech
• confused or unusual behaviour, poor judgement
• body temperature below 35 degrees C (95 degrees F)
• loss of consciousness (in extreme cases)

First Aid:

• remove wet clothing and dry the casualty
• put on dry clothes
• keep the head warm
• get the casualty to a hut
• put the hiker into a pre-warmed sleeping bag
• add hot water bottles into the bag or, even better, have another hiker strip down to underwear and climb into the sleeping bag with the victim to share body heat
• if the casualty is alert, have them drink warm liquids & high calorie hot food

The best strategy is prevention. Stay warm and dry. If you start to get a chill, get moving. Pick up the pace to increase your own body heat.

Heat Exhaustion? Sunburn?

Bring a broad brimmed hat — it's easy to get burned, especially on Day 3 above the tree line.

Heat stroke is rare on the Milford, but you still should be alert to prevent a progressive overheating emergency. Watch for signs of heat cramps, which often precedes heat exhaustion, and the potentially fatal heat stroke.

Signs & symptoms of heat cramps:

• severe muscle contractions, usually in the legs and the abdomen
• normal body temperature (usually)

Treatment:

• cool the body (wet the clothes)
• have casualty rest in a cool place
• drink fluids
• stretch and massage muscles

Dehydration?

Plan to drink far more liquids than normal. It is not unusual to drink 4 - 6 litres of fluid / day). Keep your water bottle handy. Consider adding powders to make fluid intake more palatable.

Many hikers are using Platypus, Camelbak, or Dromedary hydration systems these days – but good old water bottle(s) will do just as well.

Check the colour of your urine as an indicator to see if you are drinking enough liquids.

Are there any dangerous snakes or spiders?

No snakes.

You often hear about the single poisonous spider in New Zealand, the katipo, but it is almost impossible to find one.

Be aware of another spider usually called a whitetail (for the white mark atop the body) that can bite humans and sometimes be poisonous. It is a hunting spider (no web) and is far more common than the katipo. The whitetail is another unpopular immigrant from Australia.